Majiabang Culture represents the culture of the Taihu Trainage Area in the lower reaches of the Changjiang River in early Neolithic Age, and is one of the origins of ancient civilization of the Chinese Nation. It is so named for the Majiabang Relic Site which is mainly distributed over Taihu Area, extending southward to the north bank of Qiangtang River in Zhejiang, northward to Changzhou of Jiangsu Province. Through radioactive carbon-14 dating method, Majiabang Culture was identified and proved to begin 5,000 BC and develop into Songze Culture 4,000 BC.

The characteristics of Majiabang Culture are: 1. Prostrate burial was popular. Some skulls were covered with potteries or put separately in potteries, as was a custom. 2. Red pottery was the main type at that age, a kind of mud pottery, whose inside surface was black and outside surface was red, or whose embryo was black but external surface was red.

Most potteries were in their natural features. Such potteries as jars with outside ears, conical-foot tripod or quadripod were typical ones. 3. Ornaments of that age like Yuhuang (a jade pendant of semi-circular shape) and Yujue ( a penannular jade ring ) have become traditional ornaments.